Port Numbers

Number	Port	Protocol	Description	Quick List
1	20	FTP Data	File Transfer Protocol - File Transfer Protocol. Port for data.
2	21	FTP Control	File Transfer Protocol - File Transfer Protocol. Port for commands.
3	22	SSH	Secure SHell - "secure shell". Remote Management Protocol operating system.
4	23	telnet	TErminaL NETwork. Protocol implementation text interface over the network.
5	25	SMTP	Simple Mail Transfer Protocol - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
6	42	WINS	Windows Internet Name Service. Mapping NetBIOS-name computers with IP-addresses of nodes
7	43	WHOIS	"Who is". Protocol obtaining the registration of ownership of domain names and IP addresses
8	53	DNS	Domain Name System - Domain Name System.
9	67	DHCP	Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. Dynamic IP
10	69	TFTP	Trivial File Transfer Protocol - a simple file transfer protocol.
11	80	HTTP / Web	HyperText Transfer Protocol - hypertext transfer protocol.
12	110	POP3	Post Office Protocol Version 3 - receive e-mail protocol, version 3
13	115	SFTP	SSH File Transfer Protocol. Secure data transmission protocol.
14	123	NTP	Network Time Protocol. Synchronization protocol computer's internal clock.
15	137	NetBIOS	Network Basic Input / Output System. Protocol for network I / O operations. Naming Service.
16	138	NetBIOS	Network Basic Input / Output System. Protocol for network I / O operations. Service connection.
17	139	NetBIOS	Network Basic Input / Output System. Protocol for network I / O operations. Service sessions.
18	143	IMAP	Internet Message Access Protocol. Application-level protocol for accessing e-mail.
19	161	SNMP	Simple Network Management Protocol - Simple Network Management Protocol. Device Management.
20	179	BGP	Border Gateway Protocol, Border Gateway Protocol. Dynamic routing protocol.
21	443	HTTPS	HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) - protocol HTTP, which supports encryption.
22	445	SMB	Server Message Block. The remote access to files, printers, and network resources.
23	514	Syslog	System Log. Protocol and sending log messages about system events occur.
24	515	LPD	Line Printer Daemon. Remote printing protocol on the printer.
25	993	IMAP SSL	Protocol IMAP, supports SSL encryption.
26	995	POP3 SSL	POP3 protocol supports SSL encryption.
27	1080	SOCKS	SOCKet Secure. Receiving protocol secure anonymous access.
28	1433	MSSQL	Microsoft SQL Server - database management system. Port to access the database.
29	3128	Proxy	Currently the port often used proxies.
30	3268	LDAP	Lightweight Directory Access Protocol - lightweight directory access protocol (directory service).
31	3306	MySQL	Access to MySQL databases.
32	3389	RDP	Remote Desktop Protocol - Remote Desktop for Windows.
33	5432	PostgreSQL	Access to PostgreSQL databases.
34	5900	VNC	Virtual Network Computing - a system of remote access to the desktop computer.
35	5938	TeamViewer	TeamViewer - Remote control system for ensuring your computer and data exchange.
36	8080	HTTP / Web	Alternate port for the HTTP protocol. Sometimes used proxies.

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What's New in IIS 8?| IIS 8

 

There are great improvements and new very useful features like Server Name Indication (SNI), Centralized Certificates Store (CCS), CPU Throttling, Application Initialization, Dynamic IP Restriction, WebSockets, and finally FTP 8.

Version Notes IIS 8.0 IIS 8.0 is only available in Windows Server 2012 and Windows 8. IIS 7.5 IIS 7.0  

Server Name Indication (SNI): Using SNI we can configure thousands of secure websites on the web server, thus it allows many SSL sites to share the same Web Server IP. But we have to consider that not all browsers support SNI, for example it doesn't work on Windows XP, even IE 8.

Centralized Certificates Store (CCS): Using CCS we can configure all certificate to be stored and accessed centrally on a file share. So in web server farm, Each IIS on separate server just go and pick up the certificate from the share but it must be certificate name like website name exactly. But we need to enable it in each web server (following concept of shared configuration). Thus Certificate Renewal and syncing tasks of certificates in the farm now is a piece of cake :)

 

CPU Throttling: Using CPU Throttling we can control and limit how much CPU each application pool can consume as a percentage of CPU. It is not a new feature, it was there in IIS 7.x; it was just killing w3wp when reach limit. But now it have a new additional actions like Throttle and ThrottleUnderLoad that will limit the CPU consumption for the worker processes in the application pool to the configured value. It is important to know that CPU Throttling doesn't reserve CPU but it is just limiting CPU usage.

 

Application Initialization:  Using Application Initialization Module, we can configure initialization page as initialization or warm up tasks to run before serving 1^st  HTTP request; it was there in IIS 7.x before as warm-up module. But now it is built in IIS 8. 

Dynamic IP Restriction (DIPR): Using DIPR we can Customize IIS reply like: Unauthorized (HTTP 401), Forbidden (HTTP 403), Not Found (HTTP 404), or Abort (IIS terminates the HTTP connection). Moreover we can allow or deny specific IP address or a range of IP addresses, even if they violate a dynamic restriction
setting. We can block dynamic IPs based on the number of concurrent requests or  the number of requests over a period of time.  Finally it is a very useful feature for web servers behind firewall or load balancer, because of the proxy mode property that enables IIS to cross checks the values in the X-Forwarded-For HTTP header. So it can verify the IP address of the client initially made request.

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How to install the Microsoft Loopback adapter in Windows 7

Microsoft Loopback adapter

For some reason, the Add New Hardware wizard is missing the Microsoft Loopback adapter in the Control Panel in the Beta build of Windows 7 (build 7000). That makes it rather hard to install the loopback adapter. However, you can actually still start the wizard following these instructions.
Click on the Windows Orb (The old Start button) or press the WIN key.

Type hdwwiz.

Click Next

Select the Install the hardware that I manually select from a list (Advanced) option and click Next.


Select Network Adapters and click Next

Select Microsoft and the Microsoft Loopback Adapter and click Next.

Click Next and you are done.

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Windows Server 2012 features Top 10 best

1. SMB 3.0

SMB 3.0 is the crown jewel of Server 2012. It is far removed from its laughingstock predecessor CIFS. It supports multiple simultaneous network interfaces – including the ability to hot-plug new interfaces on the fly to increase bandwidth for large or complex transfers – and supports MPIO, thin provisioning of volumes and deduplication (assuming the underlying storage is NTFS).
SMB 3.0 also supports SMB Direct and remote direct memory access, the ability for appropriately kitted systems to move SMB data directly from one system's memory to the other, bypassing the SMB stack. This has enabled Microsoft to hit 16GBps transfer rates for SMB 3.0, a weighty gauntlet for any potential challenger to raise.
I have found Server 2012 to be worth the cost of the upgrade, even where I have the excellent Server 2008 R2 deployed. Given that I work with very limited IT budgets, that is a strong endorsement.

2. NFS 4.1

Microsoft's NFS 4.1 server is good code. Designed from the ground up it is is fast, stable and reliable. It makes a great storage system for heterogenous environments and a wonderful network storage point for VMware servers.

3. iSCSI

With Windows Storage Server 2008, Microsoft first made an iSCSI target available. It eventually became an optional download from Microsoft's website for Server 2008 R2 and is now finally integrated into Server 2012 as a core component.

4. Hyper-V Replica

Hyper-V Replica is a storage technology designed to continuously replicate your virtual machines across to a backup cluster. It ensures that snapshots no more than 15 minutes old of your critical virtual machines are available over any network link, including the internet.

It replicates the initial snapshot in full – after that it sends only change blocks – and it fully supports versioning of your virtual machines.

5. Hyper-V 3.0

Server 2012 sees Hyper-V catch up with VMware's mainstream. While objectively I would have to say that VMware retains the feature lead at the top end, when combined with System Center 2012, Hyper-V 3.0 will cheerfully handle two-sigma worth of use cases.

Microsoft is no longer an also-ran in the virtualisation space; it is a capable and voracious predator stalking the wilds of the data centre for new prey.

Microsoft's Hyper-V Server – a free Windows Core version of Hyper-V – is feature complete. If you have a yen to dive into PowerShell then you can run a complete 64-node, 8,000 virtual machine Hyper-V cluster without paying Microsoft a dime.

It takes a very special kind of masochist to do so – Microsoft is betting you will spend the money on System Center 2012 and it is probably right. System Center 2012 is amazing, even more so with the newly launched Service Pack 1.

Microsoft's focus on PowerShell and its decision to put price pressure on VMware with Hyper-V server has opened up a market for third-party management tools such as 5Nine. These are not nearly as capable as System Center, but offer a great mid-point between free and impossible to manage and awesome but too expensive. This emerging ecosystem should see Hyper-V's market share explode.

6. Deduplication

For years now, storage demand has been growing faster than hard drive density. Meeting our voracious appetite for data storage has meant more and more spindles, and more controllers, chassis, power supplies, electricity and cooling to keep those spindles spinning.

Deduplication has moved from nice to have to absolute must in recent years and Microsoft has taken notice. Server 2012 supports deduplication on NTFS volumes – though tragically it does not work with CSV – and deeply integrates it with BranchCache to save on WAN bandwidth.

7. Cluster Shared Volumes

With Server 2012 Cluster Shared Volumes are officially supported for use beyond hosting virtual hard disks for Hyper-V. You may now roll your own highly available multi-node replicated storage cluster and do so with a proper fistful of best-practice documentation.

8. DirectAccess

DirectAccess was a neat idea but it was poorly implemented in previous versions of Windows. Server 2012 makes it easier to use, with SSL as the default configuration and IPSec as an option. The rigid dependence on IPv6 has also been removed.

DirectAccess has evolved into a reasonable, reliable and easy-to-use replacement for virtual private networks.

9. PowerShell

PowerShell 3.0 is an evolution rather than a revolution. Having more PowerShell scriptlets is not normally something I would care about. That said, the 2012 line of products marks a revolution in Microsoft's approach to server management.

Every element of the operating system and virtually every other companion server, such as SQL, Exchange or Lync, are completely manageable through PowerShell. This is so ingrained that the GUIs are just buttons that call PowerShell scripts underneath.

PowerShell should be tops on this list but to make proper use of it, your Google-fu has to be strong. The official documentation is incomplete, Bing is still worthless for searching Microsoft's web estate and the golden examples for making use of PowerShell lie in the blogs maintained by Microsoft's staff.

Once you have assembled the list of scriptlets you need – printed, laminated and guarded by a fire elemental as in days of old – you can make the 2012 stack of Microsoft software sing. Thanks to PowerShell, Microsoft is ready to take on all comers at any scale.

 

10. IIS 8

IIS 8 brings Internet Information Services up to feature parity with the rest of the world, and surpasses it in places. More than a decade's worth of "you use Windows as your web server" jokes officially end here.
IIS 8 sports script precompilation, granular process throttling, SNI support and centralised certificate management. Add in a FTP server that finally, mercifully, doesn't suck (it even has functional login restrictions) and IIS 8 becomes worth the cost of the operating system on its own.

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